What is Geology? - Short Introduction

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Definition:

         Geology is the study of how the earth materials, structures, processes and organisms have changed over the time. 

Importance of geology for civl engineering:

The role of geology in civil engineering may be briefly outlined as follows:
  1. Geology provides a systematic knowledge of construction material, their structure and properties
  2.  The knowledge of erosion, Transportation and deposition (ETD) by surface water helps in soil conservation, river control, coastal and harbour works.
  3. The knowledge about the nature of the rock is very necessary in tunneling, constructing roads and determining the stability of cuts and slopes. Thus, geology helps in civil engineering.
  4. The foundation problem of dams, bridge and buildings are directly related with geology of the area where they are to built.
  5. The knowledge of ground water is necessary in connection with excavation work, water supply, irrigation and many other purpose.
  6. Geological maps and section help considerably in planning many Engineering projects.
  7. If the geological features like faults, joints, beds, folds, solution channels are found, they have to be stability treated. Hence, the stability of the structure is greatly increased.
  8. Pre-goelogical survey of the area concerned reduces the cost of Engineering work.    
Geological hazardous Factors:
  1. Earthquake: It is a result from earth sudden release of stored energy  that, radios seismic waves.
  2. Tsunami: It can be associate with earthquake. A large earthquake beneath the ocean floor will produce the tsunami.
  3. Volcanic eruption: It is the point in which a volcano is acting and release its power.
  4. Land slide
  5. Avalanche 
  6. Coastal erosion  

Aplication of Geology in Civil Engineering:
  • It provides knowledge about material use for construction.
  • Its knowledge is helpful for river control and shipping work.
  • Its knowledge is helpful for constructing dams. 
  • Geo technical Engineers must need knowledge about this subject for digging works.
  • Its knowledge is required for foundation faults.
  • for design of highway and roads.
  • In construction of tunnels.
  • Soil test are done before any project.
  • Economical design is advanced.
  • Nature of soil material can be find out.
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